Class FastArrayList<E>

  • All Implemented Interfaces:
    java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Cloneable, java.lang.Iterable<E>, java.util.Collection<E>, java.util.List<E>, java.util.RandomAccess

    public class FastArrayList<E>
    extends AbstractList<E>
    implements java.util.List<E>, java.util.RandomAccess, java.lang.Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
    Resizable-array implementation of the List interface. Implements all optional list operations, and permits all elements, including null. In addition to implementing the List interface, this class provides methods to manipulate the size of the array that is used internally to store the list. (This class is roughly equivalent to Vector, except that it is unsynchronized.)

    The size, isEmpty, get, set, iterator, and listIterator operations run in constant time. The add operation runs in amortized constant time, that is, adding n elements requires O(n) time. All of the other operations run in linear time (roughly speaking). The constant factor is low compared to that for the LinkedList implementation.

    Each ArrayList instance has a capacity. The capacity is the size of the array used to store the elements in the list. It is always at least as large as the list size. As elements are added to an ArrayList, its capacity grows automatically. The details of the growth policy are not specified beyond the fact that adding an element has constant amortized time cost.

    An application can increase the capacity of an ArrayList instance before adding a large number of elements using the ensureCapacity operation. This may reduce the amount of incremental reallocation.

    Note that this implementation is not synchronized. If multiple threads access an ArrayList instance concurrently, and at least one of the threads modifies the list structurally, it must be synchronized externally. (A structural modification is any operation that adds or deletes one or more elements, or explicitly resizes the backing array; merely setting the value of an element is not a structural modification.) This is typically accomplished by synchronizing on some object that naturally encapsulates the list. If no such object exists, the list should be "wrapped" using the Collections.synchronizedList method. This is best done at creation time, to prevent accidental unsynchronized access to the list:

       List list = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList(...));
     

    The iterators returned by this class's iterator and listIterator methods are fail-fast: if the list is structurally modified at any time after the iterator is created, in any way except through the iterator's own remove or add methods, the iterator will throw a ConcurrentModificationException. Thus, in the face of concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the future.

    Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast iterators throw ConcurrentModificationException on a best-effort basis. Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this exception for its correctness: the fail-fast behavior of iterators should be used only to detect bugs.

    This class is a member of the Java Collections Framework.

    Since:
    1.2
    See Also:
    Collection, List, LinkedList, Vector, Serialized Form
    • Field Summary

      Fields 
      Modifier and Type Field Description
      private static int DEFAULT_CAPACITY
      Default initial capacity.
      private java.lang.Object[] elementData
      The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored.
      private static java.lang.Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
      Shared empty array instance used for empty instances.
      private int hashCode  
      private boolean hashCodeUpToDate  
      private static int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE
      The maximum size of array to allocate.
      private static long serialVersionUID  
      private int size
      The size of the ArrayList (the number of elements it contains).
      • Fields inherited from class java.util.AbstractList

        modCount
    • Constructor Summary

      Constructors 
      Constructor Description
      FastArrayList()
      Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
      FastArrayList​(int initialCapacity)
      Constructs an empty list with the specified initial capacity.
      FastArrayList​(E... c)  
      FastArrayList​(java.util.Collection<? extends E> c)
      Constructs a list containing the elements of the specified collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's iterator.
      FastArrayList​(java.util.Enumeration<E> enumeration)  
    • Method Summary

      All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods 
      Modifier and Type Method Description
      void add​(int index, E element)
      Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this list.
      boolean add​(E e)
      Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
      boolean addAll​(int index, java.util.Collection<? extends E> c)
      Inserts all of the elements in the specified collection into this list, starting at the specified position.
      boolean addAll​(java.util.Collection<? extends E> c)
      Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this list, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's Iterator.
      private boolean batchRemove​(java.util.Collection<?> c, boolean complement)  
      void clear()
      Removes all of the elements from this list.
      java.lang.Object clone()
      Returns a shallow copy of this ArrayList instance.
      boolean contains​(java.lang.Object o)
      Returns true if this list contains the specified element.
      (package private) E elementData​(int index)  
      void ensureCapacity​(int minCapacity)
      Increases the capacity of this ArrayList instance, if necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
      private void ensureCapacityInternal​(int minCapacity)  
      private void ensureExplicitCapacity​(int minCapacity)  
      private void fastRemove​(int index)  
      E get​(int index)
      Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
      private void grow​(int minCapacity)
      Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
      int hashCode()  
      private static int hugeCapacity​(int minCapacity)  
      int indexOf​(java.lang.Object o)
      Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
      boolean isEmpty()
      Returns true if this list contains no elements.
      java.util.Iterator<E> iterator()
      Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
      int lastIndexOf​(java.lang.Object o)
      Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element.
      java.util.ListIterator<E> listIterator()
      Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper sequence).
      java.util.ListIterator<E> listIterator​(int index)
      Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
      private void readObject​(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
      Reconstitute the ArrayList instance from a stream (that is, deserialize it).
      E remove​(int index)
      Removes the element at the specified position in this list.
      boolean remove​(java.lang.Object o)
      Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list, if it is present.
      boolean removeAll​(java.util.Collection<?> c)
      Removes from this list all of its elements that are contained in the specified collection.
      protected void removeRange​(int fromIndex, int toIndex)
      Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive.
      boolean retainAll​(java.util.Collection<?> c)
      Retains only the elements in this list that are contained in the specified collection.
      E set​(int index, E element)
      Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the specified element.
      int size()
      Returns the number of elements in this list.
      java.util.List<E> subList​(int fromIndex, int toIndex)
      Returns a view of the portion of this list between the specified fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive.
      (package private) static void subListRangeCheck​(int fromIndex, int toIndex, int size)  
      java.lang.Object[] toArray()
      Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element).
      <T> T[] toArray​(T[] a)
      Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array.
      void trimToSize()
      Trims the capacity of this ArrayList instance to be the list's current size.
      private void writeObject​(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
      Save the state of the ArrayList instance to a stream (that is, serialize it).
      • Methods inherited from class java.util.AbstractList

        equals
      • Methods inherited from class java.util.AbstractCollection

        containsAll, toString
      • Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

        finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait
      • Methods inherited from interface java.util.Collection

        parallelStream, removeIf, stream
      • Methods inherited from interface java.lang.Iterable

        forEach
      • Methods inherited from interface java.util.List

        containsAll, equals, replaceAll, sort, spliterator
    • Field Detail

      • DEFAULT_CAPACITY

        private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY
        Default initial capacity.
        See Also:
        Constant Field Values
      • EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA

        private static final java.lang.Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
        Shared empty array instance used for empty instances.
      • hashCodeUpToDate

        private boolean hashCodeUpToDate
      • hashCode

        private int hashCode
      • elementData

        private transient java.lang.Object[] elementData
        The array buffer into which the elements of the ArrayList are stored. The capacity of the ArrayList is the length of this array buffer. Any empty ArrayList with elementData == EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA will be expanded to DEFAULT_CAPACITY when the first element is added.
      • size

        private int size
        The size of the ArrayList (the number of elements it contains).
      • MAX_ARRAY_SIZE

        private static final int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE
        The maximum size of array to allocate. Some VMs reserve some header words in an array. Attempts to allocate larger arrays may result in OutOfMemoryError: Requested array size exceeds VM limit
        See Also:
        Constant Field Values
    • Constructor Detail

      • FastArrayList

        public FastArrayList​(int initialCapacity)
        Constructs an empty list with the specified initial capacity.
        Parameters:
        initialCapacity - the initial capacity of the list
        Throws:
        java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if the specified initial capacity is negative
      • FastArrayList

        public FastArrayList()
        Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
      • FastArrayList

        public FastArrayList​(java.util.Collection<? extends E> c)
        Constructs a list containing the elements of the specified collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's iterator.
        Parameters:
        c - the collection whose elements are to be placed into this list
        Throws:
        java.lang.NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
      • FastArrayList

        public FastArrayList​(E... c)
      • FastArrayList

        public FastArrayList​(java.util.Enumeration<E> enumeration)
    • Method Detail

      • hashCode

        public int hashCode()
        Specified by:
        hashCode in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        hashCode in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        hashCode in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
      • trimToSize

        public void trimToSize()
        Trims the capacity of this ArrayList instance to be the list's current size. An application can use this operation to minimize the storage of an ArrayList instance.
      • ensureCapacity

        public void ensureCapacity​(int minCapacity)
        Increases the capacity of this ArrayList instance, if necessary, to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
        Parameters:
        minCapacity - the desired minimum capacity
      • ensureCapacityInternal

        private void ensureCapacityInternal​(int minCapacity)
      • ensureExplicitCapacity

        private void ensureExplicitCapacity​(int minCapacity)
      • grow

        private void grow​(int minCapacity)
        Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
        Parameters:
        minCapacity - the desired minimum capacity
      • hugeCapacity

        private static int hugeCapacity​(int minCapacity)
      • size

        public int size()
        Returns the number of elements in this list.
        Specified by:
        size in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        size in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        size in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Returns:
        the number of elements in this list
      • isEmpty

        public boolean isEmpty()
        Returns true if this list contains no elements.
        Specified by:
        isEmpty in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        isEmpty in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        isEmpty in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Returns:
        true if this list contains no elements
      • contains

        public boolean contains​(java.lang.Object o)
        Returns true if this list contains the specified element. More formally, returns true if and only if this list contains at least one element e such that (o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e)).
        Specified by:
        contains in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        contains in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        contains in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Parameters:
        o - element whose presence in this list is to be tested
        Returns:
        true if this list contains the specified element
      • indexOf

        public int indexOf​(java.lang.Object o)
        Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element. More formally, returns the lowest index i such that (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))), or -1 if there is no such index.
        Specified by:
        indexOf in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        indexOf in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
      • lastIndexOf

        public int lastIndexOf​(java.lang.Object o)
        Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element in this list, or -1 if this list does not contain the element. More formally, returns the highest index i such that (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))), or -1 if there is no such index.
        Specified by:
        lastIndexOf in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        lastIndexOf in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
      • clone

        public java.lang.Object clone()
        Returns a shallow copy of this ArrayList instance. (The elements themselves are not copied.)
        Overrides:
        clone in class java.lang.Object
        Returns:
        a clone of this ArrayList instance
      • toArray

        public java.lang.Object[] toArray()
        Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element).

        The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are maintained by this list. (In other words, this method must allocate a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.

        This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.

        Specified by:
        toArray in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        toArray in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        toArray in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Returns:
        an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence
      • toArray

        public <T> T[] toArray​(T[] a)
        Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. If the list fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the size of this list.

        If the list fits in the specified array with room to spare (i.e., the array has more elements than the list), the element in the array immediately following the end of the collection is set to null. (This is useful in determining the length of the list only if the caller knows that the list does not contain any null elements.)

        Specified by:
        toArray in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        toArray in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        toArray in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Parameters:
        a - the array into which the elements of the list are to be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same runtime type is allocated for this purpose.
        Returns:
        an array containing the elements of the list
        Throws:
        java.lang.ArrayStoreException - if the runtime type of the specified array is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this list
        java.lang.NullPointerException - if the specified array is null
      • elementData

        E elementData​(int index)
      • get

        public E get​(int index)
        Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
        Specified by:
        get in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        get in class AbstractList<E>
        Parameters:
        index - index of the element to return
        Returns:
        the element at the specified position in this list
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
      • set

        public E set​(int index,
                     E element)
        Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the specified element.
        Specified by:
        set in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        set in class AbstractList<E>
        Parameters:
        index - index of the element to replace
        element - element to be stored at the specified position
        Returns:
        the element previously at the specified position
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
      • add

        public boolean add​(E e)
        Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
        Specified by:
        add in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        add in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        add in class AbstractList<E>
        Parameters:
        e - element to be appended to this list
        Returns:
        true (as specified by Collection.add(E))
      • add

        public void add​(int index,
                        E element)
        Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this list. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
        Specified by:
        add in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        add in class AbstractList<E>
        Parameters:
        index - index at which the specified element is to be inserted
        element - element to be inserted
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
      • remove

        public E remove​(int index)
        Removes the element at the specified position in this list. Shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their indices).
        Specified by:
        remove in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        remove in class AbstractList<E>
        Parameters:
        index - the index of the element to be removed
        Returns:
        the element that was removed from the list
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
      • remove

        public boolean remove​(java.lang.Object o)
        Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this list, if it is present. If the list does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally, removes the element with the lowest index i such that (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))) (if such an element exists). Returns true if this list contained the specified element (or equivalently, if this list changed as a result of the call).
        Specified by:
        remove in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        remove in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        remove in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Parameters:
        o - element to be removed from this list, if present
        Returns:
        true if this list contained the specified element
      • fastRemove

        private void fastRemove​(int index)
      • clear

        public void clear()
        Removes all of the elements from this list. The list will be empty after this call returns.
        Specified by:
        clear in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        clear in interface java.util.List<E>
        Specified by:
        clear in class AbstractList<E>
      • addAll

        public boolean addAll​(java.util.Collection<? extends E> c)
        Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of this list, in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's Iterator. The behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress. (This implies that the behavior of this call is undefined if the specified collection is this list, and this list is nonempty.)
        Specified by:
        addAll in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        addAll in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        addAll in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Parameters:
        c - collection containing elements to be added to this list
        Returns:
        true if this list changed as a result of the call
        Throws:
        java.lang.NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
      • addAll

        public boolean addAll​(int index,
                              java.util.Collection<? extends E> c)
        Inserts all of the elements in the specified collection into this list, starting at the specified position. Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to the right (increases their indices). The new elements will appear in the list in the order that they are returned by the specified collection's iterator.
        Specified by:
        addAll in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        addAll in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
        Parameters:
        index - index at which to insert the first element from the specified collection
        c - collection containing elements to be added to this list
        Returns:
        true if this list changed as a result of the call
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
        java.lang.NullPointerException - if the specified collection is null
      • removeRange

        protected void removeRange​(int fromIndex,
                                   int toIndex)
        Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive. Shifts any succeeding elements to the left (reduces their index). This call shortens the list by (toIndex - fromIndex) elements. (If toIndex==fromIndex, this operation has no effect.)
        Overrides:
        removeRange in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException - if fromIndex or toIndex is out of range ( fromIndex < 0 || fromIndex >= size() || toIndex > size() || toIndex < fromIndex)
      • removeAll

        public boolean removeAll​(java.util.Collection<?> c)
        Removes from this list all of its elements that are contained in the specified collection.
        Specified by:
        removeAll in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        removeAll in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        removeAll in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Parameters:
        c - collection containing elements to be removed from this list
        Returns:
        true if this list changed as a result of the call
        Throws:
        java.lang.ClassCastException - if the class of an element of this list is incompatible with the specified collection (optional)
        java.lang.NullPointerException - if this list contains a null element and the specified collection does not permit null elements (optional), or if the specified collection is null
        See Also:
        Collection.contains(Object)
      • retainAll

        public boolean retainAll​(java.util.Collection<?> c)
        Retains only the elements in this list that are contained in the specified collection. In other words, removes from this list all of its elements that are not contained in the specified collection.
        Specified by:
        retainAll in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        retainAll in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        retainAll in class java.util.AbstractCollection<E>
        Parameters:
        c - collection containing elements to be retained in this list
        Returns:
        true if this list changed as a result of the call
        Throws:
        java.lang.ClassCastException - if the class of an element of this list is incompatible with the specified collection (optional)
        java.lang.NullPointerException - if this list contains a null element and the specified collection does not permit null elements (optional), or if the specified collection is null
        See Also:
        Collection.contains(Object)
      • batchRemove

        private boolean batchRemove​(java.util.Collection<?> c,
                                    boolean complement)
      • writeObject

        private void writeObject​(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
                          throws java.io.IOException
        Save the state of the ArrayList instance to a stream (that is, serialize it).
        Throws:
        java.io.IOException
      • readObject

        private void readObject​(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
                         throws java.io.IOException,
                                java.lang.ClassNotFoundException
        Reconstitute the ArrayList instance from a stream (that is, deserialize it).
        Throws:
        java.io.IOException
        java.lang.ClassNotFoundException
      • listIterator

        public java.util.ListIterator<E> listIterator​(int index)
        Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper sequence), starting at the specified position in the list. The specified index indicates the first element that would be returned by an initial call to next. An initial call to previous would return the element with the specified index minus one.

        The returned list iterator is fail-fast.

        Specified by:
        listIterator in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        listIterator in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
      • listIterator

        public java.util.ListIterator<E> listIterator()
        Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper sequence).

        The returned list iterator is fail-fast.

        Specified by:
        listIterator in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        listIterator in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
        See Also:
        listIterator(int)
      • iterator

        public java.util.Iterator<E> iterator()
        Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.

        The returned iterator is fail-fast.

        Specified by:
        iterator in interface java.util.Collection<E>
        Specified by:
        iterator in interface java.lang.Iterable<E>
        Specified by:
        iterator in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        iterator in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
        Returns:
        an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
      • subList

        public java.util.List<E> subList​(int fromIndex,
                                         int toIndex)
        Returns a view of the portion of this list between the specified fromIndex, inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive. (If fromIndex and toIndex are equal, the returned list is empty.) The returned list is backed by this list, so non-structural changes in the returned list are reflected in this list, and vice-versa. The returned list supports all of the optional list operations.

        This method eliminates the need for explicit range operations (of the sort that commonly exist for arrays). Any operation that expects a list can be used as a range operation by passing a subList view instead of a whole list. For example, the following idiom removes a range of elements from a list:

         list.subList(from, to).clear();
         
        Similar idioms may be constructed for indexOf(Object) and lastIndexOf(Object), and all of the algorithms in the Collections class can be applied to a subList.

        The semantics of the list returned by this method become undefined if the backing list (i.e., this list) is structurally modified in any way other than via the returned list. (Structural modifications are those that change the size of this list, or otherwise perturb it in such a fashion that iterations in progress may yield incorrect results.)

        Specified by:
        subList in interface java.util.List<E>
        Overrides:
        subList in class java.util.AbstractList<E>
        Throws:
        java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException
        java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
      • subListRangeCheck

        static void subListRangeCheck​(int fromIndex,
                                      int toIndex,
                                      int size)