Class WaiterPreferenceSemaphore

  • All Implemented Interfaces:
    Sync

    public final class WaiterPreferenceSemaphore
    extends Semaphore
    An implementation of counting Semaphores that enforces enough fairness for applications that need to avoid indefinite overtaking without necessarily requiring FIFO ordered access. Empirically, very little is paid for this property unless there is a lot of contention among threads or very unfair JVM scheduling. The acquire method waits even if there are permits available but have not yet been claimed by threads that have been notified but not yet resumed. This makes the semaphore almost as fair as the underlying Java primitives allow. So, if synch lock entry and notify are both fair so is the semaphore -- almost: Rewaits stemming from timeouts in attempt, along with potentials for interrupted threads to be notified can compromise fairness, possibly allowing later-arriving threads to pass before later arriving ones. However, in no case can a newly entering thread obtain a permit if there are still others waiting. Also, signalling order need not coincide with resumption order. Later-arriving threads might get permits and continue before other resumable threads are actually resumed. However, all of these potential fairness breaches are very rare in practice unless the underlying JVM performs strictly LIFO notifications (which has, sadly enough, been known to occur) in which case you need to use a FIFOSemaphore to maintain a reasonable approximation of fairness.

    [ Introduction to this package. ]

    • Field Detail

      • waits_

        protected long waits_
        Number of waiting threads
    • Constructor Detail

      • WaiterPreferenceSemaphore

        public WaiterPreferenceSemaphore​(long initial)
        Create a Semaphore with the given initial number of permits.
    • Method Detail

      • attempt

        public boolean attempt​(long msecs)
                        throws InterruptedException
        Description copied from class: Semaphore
        Wait at most msecs millisconds for a permit.
        Specified by:
        attempt in interface Sync
        Overrides:
        attempt in class Semaphore
        Parameters:
        msecs - the number of milleseconds to wait. An argument less than or equal to zero means not to wait at all. However, this may still require access to a synchronization lock, which can impose unbounded delay if there is a lot of contention among threads.
        Returns:
        true if acquired
        Throws:
        InterruptedException
      • release

        public void release​(long n)
        Release N permits
        Overrides:
        release in class Semaphore